diagnosis

• GFR <60 ml/min (GFR categories G3A-G5) > 3month ตรวจ GFR ผ่าน serum creatinine
• ตรวจโปรตีน ในปัสสาวะผ่าน dipstick taste

• AKI vs CKD (acute or chronic)
  • ดูระยะเวลาถ้kผ่านไประยะเวลาหนึ่งแล้วค่าไตกลับมมาเป็นปกติแสดงว่าเป็น AKI

cause of CKD

• risk of CKD : old age , disease

complication of CKD

• relate to renal function

  • Excretory function: drug , metabolite, waste product → uremia (itching, fatigue, nocturia)

  

  • Homeostatic function: water (volume overload) ,electrolytes (ex Na→ hypervolemic hyponatremia),acid base balance ( metabolic acidosis)

  

  

  • hormonal secretion: renin( Na retention→ hypertension), erythropoietin (Anemia of CKD)

  

  • hormonal metabolic function: convert vitamin D3→ active 1, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol(hypocalcemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, renal osteodystrophy)

  

  

Treatment for CKD

• treating the cause : diabetes mellitus or high blood pressure

• Treating complications: High blood pressure medications (angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors) ,A lower protein diet to minimize waste products in your blood, Medications to protect your bones(Calcium and vitamin D supplements)

• Treatment for end-stage kidney disease: dialysis, kidney transplant